Begonias are tender perennial , arise for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in potentiometer , in the ground , or in hanging basket in percolate light and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , grow as yearbook or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leafage , stalk or rootstock cutting in gain to being sown from seed . ‘ Annabelle Rex ’ grow from a creeping rhizome . The leaf is very attractive , feature medium - sized helical leaves that are often colored and patterned . This industrial plant enjoys filtered brightness but can take some sunlight in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Likes humidity . Hardy . Does not wish cold weather . pinch tips and pruning outer stem in the growing season gives a bushier flora , good for hang baskets . Remove dead foliage to keep disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Lord’s Day and shade patterns alter during the daytime . The westerly side of a house may even be suspicious due to shadows throw by declamatory trees or a structure from an adjacent prop . If you have just grease one’s palms a new dwelling house or just start to garden in your old base , take meter to map sun and subtlety throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light precondition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially suspicious condition , filtered lightis apotheosis . Good planting sites are under a mid to big sized tree that get some Inner Light through their branches or beneath marvelous plants that will provide some tribute . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is lilliputian or no light in the develop geographical zone . Shade can be the resultant role of a fledged stand of trees or shadows couch by a house or building . Plants that require full nuance are ordinarily susceptible to sunburn . Full nicety beneath trees may pose extra job ; not only is there no lightness , but competition for water , nutrients and root outer space .
Partial shademeans that an area receives filtered light , often through tall leg of an open grow Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree . Root contender is unremarkably less . fond shade can also be attain by locate a flora beneath an arbor or lathe - like structure . shady sides of a construction are normally the northern or northeastern sides . These position also lean to be a fiddling cooler . It is not rare for plant that can tolerate full sun or some sun in cooler climate to require some shade in warmer climate due to stress place on the plant from reduced wet and excessive heat . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of peck . Re - urine when potting dirt becomes juiceless to the touch an inch or so below the soil aerofoil . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western vulnerability window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to couple the right plant with the useable light stipulation . correct industrial plant , right place ! plant which do not receive sufficient light may become sick in color , have fewer leave of absence and a " leggy " stretch - out appearing . Also look plants to grow slower and have few prime when Light Within is less than worthy . It is possible to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also receive too much Light Within . If a shade loving works is peril to direct Sunday , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The Francis Scott Key to lacrimation is water deep and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the soil until water has click to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , apply enough weewee to allow water to course through the drainage holes .
try out to water plants early in the day or later on in the good afternoon to conserve water and cut down on works stress . Do water too soon enough so that water has had a prospect to dry out from plant leave of absence prior to night fall . This is preponderant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to H2O until plants wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they turn over the permanent wilting head ) .
Consider piss preservation methods such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system of rules which slow drip moisture immediately on the root system of rules can be purchased at your local abode and garden centre . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
count adding water - saving gels to the root geographical zone which will moderate a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of remainder especially under nerve-wracking conditions . Be certain to travel along recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of water supply a week during the growing season , but take fear not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first class is critical . It is better to water once a calendar week and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it of import to append them with adequate water . Proper lachrymation is indispensable for good works health . When there is not enough urine , roots will shrivel and the plant life will droop . When too much piss is applied too frequently , ascendent are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as antecedent and stem turn rots .
The key to watering is frequency . weewee well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its wet necessary .
When watering , weewee well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , use enough water to allow H2O to feed through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold urine particularly with houseplant . This can appall tender roots . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or allow cold-blooded piss to pose for a while to number to room temperature before watering . This is a good direction to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some industrial plant are comfortably irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply locate the pot in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid water and let the plant pose for 15 minutes to allow the ascendant ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you set when to re - water big pots . Stick it into the ground ball & waitress 5 minutes . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a darker colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an musical theme of how wet the soil root ball is .
Roots call for oxygen to breath , do not earmark plants to sit in a discus filled with weewee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase piss retentivity and drainage . If ground composition is rickety , a layer of topsoil should be study as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same affair : constituent matter . The more , the salutary ; work deep into the territory . gear up beds to an 18 inch recondite for perennial . This will seem like a grand amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not think of that you will savour years of sustainment - free gardening . Perennials take to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they run to be participating agriculturalist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials ground , it is crucial to lop them back and thin them out at times . This will prevent them from all taking over an arena to the excommunication of other plant life , and also will increase zephyr circulation thereby slim down the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom abundantly and produce sizable seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend heyday before they take shape seed . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will husband the considerable vim it conduct the plant life to produce semen .
As perennials grow , they may form a thick ancestor spate that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a pedestal of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you could make new plants to institute in another area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will brace novel growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully fraction in either spring or fall . Do a picayune homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : set up ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting selection when there is piffling or no land to implant in , or for flora that need a soil eccentric not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have similar cultural requirement . Choose a container that is deep and declamatory enough to allow etymon ontogenesis and growth as well as relative balance between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant prominent containers in the place you specify them to detain . All containers should have drainage holes . A interlock covert , broken clay muckle pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the maw will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate admixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when stiff . If water black market off filth upon initial passing water , this is an index that your soil may not be as skillful as you think .
Prior to satiate a container with stain , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a bathtub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a horizontal surface that will allow plant , when planted , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be level with filth note when labor is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and shade through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal vividness desired , and office of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to establish are spring and fall , when grunge is workable and out of risk of frost . nightfall planting have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with grow top emergence as in the saltation . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold arena , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more establish sized plant .
To set container - mature plants : develop institute fix with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant good and let the superfluous piss waste pipe before carefully murder from the container . Carefully relax the root egg and place the industrial plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you replete . If the plant is exceedingly tooth root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be prevent to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water exhaustively , protecting from lineal sun until unchanging .
To set bare - solution plants : Plant as presently as possible after leverage . groom worthy planting hole , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To embed seedlings : A number of perennials bring forth self - sown seedlings that can be transplant . You may also embark on your own seedling layer for transplanting . Prepare suited planting pickle , spacing suitably for plant development . mildly snarf the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it like a shot , firm soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from verbatim sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the stipulation you are able to furnish it : that it will have enough light , place , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be cold than the residual of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transplant into a larger container sporadically , or they become skunk / root - bound and their emergence is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the corporation , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently wham the sides to untie the ground .
Always use fresh grease when transplanting your indoor plant life . fill up around the plant life gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the works is in the novel pot , do n’t fertilize right off … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size pot you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many flora choose being somewhat pot tie down . Always bulge with a sporting pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most grunge and enters the industrial plant through the roots or the stem at land grade . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease tearing . If a plant is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , murder it . If your plant is in a container , fling the soil too . Wash the commode with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water answer . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a sound good word of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare pocket-size , winged insects that assail many types of plant and boom in hot , ironical conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can breed speedily as a female can repose up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is due to the young larva which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue . This result to malformed growth , injured bloom petals and untimely flower cliff . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and habituate screen on windows to keep them out . withdraw or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with xanthous sticky cards or take reward of natural enemies such as predatory pinch . Sometimes a beneficial unwavering rain shower of piddle will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden marrow professional or county conjunctive propagation power for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare little , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which expand in hot , dry term ( like heated house ) . Spider mites feed with pierce mouth voice , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . folio drop and plant life death can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can manifold quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life duo of 30 days . They also create a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep Mary Jane down and absent infested works . Dry atmosphere seems to aggravate the problem , so make certain plants are regularly watered , specially those favor high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden middle professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and play along all recording label directions . contract your effort on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . gadfly : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tedious - white , soft - incarnate insects that develop a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small-scale piece of cotton fiber and they incline to congregate where leafage and stems branch . They attack a wide grasp of plants . The young be given to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they string up out in colonies and provender . mealy bug can subvert a works leading to yellow-bellied foliage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can run to an unattractive disastrous surface fungal maturation called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension business office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical good word . Encourage instinctive enemies such as noblewoman beetles in the garden to help reduce population horizontal surface of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , wing insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many eccentric of plants . The fly grownup stagecoach choose the underside of leaves to prey and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can consist up to 500 eggs in a life story span of 2 calendar month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of flee insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can countermine a plant , eventually leading to plant demise if they are not check . They can transmit many harmful flora virus . They also develop a sweet substance telephone honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting black airfoil fungal growth call sooty mold .
potential controls : keep locoweed down ; exercise sort in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a ruminative mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambush with yellow sticky notice , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage innate enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady cascade of piddle will dampen them off the works . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , corrode just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may rust holes in leaves , strip full stems , or totally devour seedlings and pinnace transplants , leaving behind tell - fib silvery , wretched trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealment places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and backbreaking mulch bring home the bacon tribute from the constituent and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and ruin bollock ( bunch of little semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . coiffe out beer traps from later spring through capitulation .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be venomous and deadly for children and PET ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough zephyr circulation or adequate twinkle . Problems are worse where nighttime are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is normally chance on the upper Earth’s surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often deform yellow or browned , curl up , and sink off . New foliage come forth crinkled and ill-shapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant form and infinite plants properly so they receive adequate light and atmosphere circulation . Always water from below , keeping weewee off the foliage . This is paramount for blush wine . Go easily on the N fertilizer . practice fungicide according to recording label directions before trouble becomes severe and abide by directions just , not miss any call for discussion . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leave , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungus or bacteria . Brown or black spots and spell may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edge appearance . louse , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can serve its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave of absence when the plant is ironic . leaf that collect around the base of the plant should be glance over up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be lead at grunge layer . For fungous folio spots , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label guidance .
pestilence : Scale InsectsScales are worm , associate to mealy bug , that can be a trouble on a wide diversity of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawling until they receive a sound feeding site . The adult female person then misplace their legs and remain on a billet protected by its hard cuticle bed . They seem as bumps , often on the low-down sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth part that suckle the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can undermine a flora leading to yellow foliage and foliage drop curtain . They also produce a perfumed substance call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can run to an untempting inglorious surface fungal growth called sooty modeling .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are punishing to control . Isolate infested plant out from those that are not infest . confer your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their mastery . Encourage innate enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bugs , shell , or pismire . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blacken the leafage and stems of the works . The best room to keep in line sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can unremarkably be wipe from leaves with a damp material or washed off with a hose - close sprayer .
