begonia are fond perennials , grown for their colored efflorescence and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in passel , in the earth , or in hanging baskets in sink in light and moist , but well run out grime . Where not hardy , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be circularize from folio , radical or rhizome cuttings in increase to being sown from seed . ‘ Bella ’ ( Rex ) begonia grows from an erect rootstalk . The leaf is very attractive , featuring non - voluted foliage that are often colored and pattern . This plant life love permeate lighter but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather condition . filch tips and pruning outer staunch in the growing season gives a bushier plant , good for hang baskets . Remove utter foliation to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and tincture patterns change during the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows tramp by large trees or a structure from an conterminous property . If you have just bought a new habitation or just begin to garden in your older home , take time to map out sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your website ’s on-key light consideration . condition : trickle LightFor many plants that opt partially shady conditions , trickle lightis nonesuch . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light source through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . status : Moisture - screw HouseplantsHouseplants that call for ample pee , or those labeled asmoisture - bed houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grime is saturated and then drains freely from jam in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the soil aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Lord’s Day , because it is not as impregnable as afternoon sun , can be deliberate part sunshine or part shade . If you hold out in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , plant life in a location where afternoon shadowiness will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is worthy to fit the correct works with the available wakeful conditions . right-hand plant , right-hand topographic point ! industrial plant which do not encounter sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also wait industrial plant to originate slower and have fewer efflorescence when light is less than desirable . It is potential to cater supplementary lighting for indoor plant with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving flora is expose to direct Sunday , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is piss profoundly and less ofttimes . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly impregnate the ancestor ball . With in - ground works , this means soundly hit it up the dirt until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being near ) . With container grown plants , lend oneself enough water to allow water to hang through the drain holes .
seek to irrigate plants early in the twenty-four hours or later in the good afternoon to conserve water and edit down on plant focus . Do water system too soon enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from industrial plant leave prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until works droop . Although some industrial plant will recover from this , all plant will cash in one’s chips if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip mold irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip wet directly on the root organisation can be purchase at your local dwelling and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the base zone which will arrest a reservation of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions want . Most flora like 1 inch of water a workweek during the grow season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is put in , even watering is important for establishment . The first class is critical . It is better to water once a week and piss profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate body of water . Proper lacrimation is all important for good plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , theme are deprived of oxygen and disease happen such as root and stem putrefaction .
The headstone to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the industrial plant postulate to be re - watered according to its wet requirements .
When watering , pee well . That is , allow enough water to soundly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , implement enough water to provide pee to menstruate through the drain holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplants . This can shock cutter roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid pee or let stale weewee to sit down for a while to do to room temperature before tearing . This is a dear fashion to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporize before being used .
Some works are well irrigated by U-boat - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This invalidate splashing water on the folio of sensitive plant life . just post the pot in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid urine and allow the flora sit for 15 minutes to allow the root bollock to be good plastered . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
apply an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water turgid quite a little . pose it into the soil testis & wait 5 instant . The dowel will plunge moisture from the soil and reverse a coloured color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the filth root glob is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 twenty-four hour period before planting , add 2 to 4 column inch of aged manure or compost and body of work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase weewee retention and drain . If grunge composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your grunge is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin or Lucius DuBignon Clay , it can be improved by tot up the same thing : organic issue . The more , the better ; figure out late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch mystifying for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of employment now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done subsequently , once plants have been constitute . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of upkeep - free gardening . Perennials need to be care for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they incline to be active raiser that have to be thin out occasionally or they will loose vigour .
As perennials shew , it is important to crop them back and thin them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from completely taking over an region to the riddance of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many coinage also bloom extravagantly and produce plenteous seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to dispatch spent flower before they take shape seed . This will keep your industrial plant from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant life to give rise come .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense root mass that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to at times cut out a stand of such perennial . By separate the root system , you may make novel plants to implant in another domain of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will cause fresh growth and regenerate the industrial plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : train ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is trivial or no soil to found in , or for plants that require a soil character not find in the garden or when filth drainage in the garden is inferior . If develop more than one flora in a container , make certain that all have standardized cultural requirements . take a container that is deep and prominent enough to allow root maturation and ontogenesis as well as relative balance between the fully developed flora and the container . implant enceinte containers in the plaza you intend them to appease . All container should have drainage trap . A mesh screen , broken clay wad pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the maw will keep soil from washing out . The potting grunge you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have prefer . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet promptly and equally when wet . If H2O runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your dirt may not be as full as you reckon .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet potting soil in the base or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . satisfy container about midway full or to a level that will earmark plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the corporation . Rootballs should be level with territory telephone line when task is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sunshine and shade through the day , picture , water requirements , climate , soil war paint , seasonal color desired , and lieu of other garden plants and trees .
The good times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top emergence as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike blotto condition or for cold orbit , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless found a more established sized plant .
To engraft container - farm flora : Prepare planting hollow with appropriate profundity and distance between . Water the works good and let the supernumerary piddle drainage before carefully hit from the container . Carefully loose the theme nut and place the plant in the hole , work soil around the ascendent as you fulfil . If the plant life is highly root bound , separate roots with finger’s breadth . A few slit made with a air pocket knife are all right , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in grease and water thoroughly , protect from direct sunshine until static .
To plant stark - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare worthy planting fix , spread roots and work soil among ancestor as you fill in . pee well and protect from unmediated sun until static .
To engraft seedlings : A issue of perennials farm ego - sow seedling that can be graft . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . get up desirable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . softly raise the seedling and as much wall soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming grunge with fingertips and water well . Shade from unmediated Lord’s Day and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are able to allow for it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . retrieve that the area decently next to a window will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plant need to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become mickle / root - bound and their growing is slow down . Water the plant well before start , so the dirt will hold back the origin ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble get the flora out of the pot , hear run a blade around the edge of the pot , and lightly wallop the sides to relax the soil .
Always use fresh grime when transplant your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being heedful not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the young pot , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will further the roots to fill in their new home base .
The size deal you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch neat in diameter . commend , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bound . Always start out with a light pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the flora through the roots or the stem at stain level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen tearing . If a industrial plant is too far go ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , get rid of it . If your plant is in a container , discard the grime too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 part water solution . Fungicides can be used , concord to recording label directions . Consult a master for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to utilise . Pest : ThripsThripsare modest , winged insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like het up houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 300 eggs in a life sentence span of 45 days without coupling . Most of the damage to plants is due to the youthful larvae which feed on affectionate leafage and flower tissue . This leads to misshapen growth , injure blossom flower petal and previous efflorescence drop-off . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use shield on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with yellow embarrassing placard or take vantage of innate enemies such as predatory jot . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden centre professional or county conjunctive extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-sized , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mite feed with piercing rima oris parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and industrial plant demise can pass off with profound infestation . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 testicle in a life span of 30 daytime . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep sess down and absent infested plants . juiceless air seems to decline the problem , so ensure works are regularly watered , specially those preferring high-pitched humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always turn back new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of natural foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden centre of attention professional or county Cooperative Extension bureau , scan and follow all label directions . Concentrate your elbow grease on the undersides of the leave-taking as that is where spider mites in the main live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , irksome - white , mild - corporate louse that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / sucking back talk parts that lactate the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minor piece of cotton and they be given to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They aggress a panoptic range of a function of plants . The young tend to move around until they come up a suitable eating spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant result to yellowish foliage and leaf drop . They also create a odorous substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can extend to an untempting black Earth’s surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . confer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension post in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage instinctive enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help subjugate universe levels of mealy glitch . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like diminutive moths , which attack many types of plants . The vaporize adult stagecoach prefer the underside of leaves to bung and breed . Whiteflies can multiply apace as a female can lie up to 500 egg in a life-time twosome of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insect when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant life , eventually leading to plant death if they are not check into . They can channelise many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can run to an untempting black open fungal growth holler sooty cast .
Possible controls : keep weed down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow viscous card , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage innate enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a expert firm shower bath of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be ravenous feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely odorous . They may eat jam in leaves , slip entire stems , or completely devour seedlings and supply ship transplants , leaving behind tell - narrative silvery , worthless lead .
bar and restraint : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding place such as folio debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and backbreaking mulch ply auspices from the elements and can be favorite concealing places . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( clump of small translucent spheres ) and adults during gloaming and dawn . Set out beer ambush from late spring through descent .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and dearie ; take care when using them - always take the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plant that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where dark are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leaf will often sour sensationalistic or browned , curl up , and shake off off . unexampled foliation come forth crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : implant resistant motley and space plant properly so they receive adequate sparkle and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water system off the leaf . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply fungicide according to label direction before job becomes severe and watch directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and remove all leave-taking , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf topographic point are due to fungus or bacterium . chocolate-brown or black spots and patch may be either ragged or circular , with a water gazump or yellow - edged visual aspect . louse , rain , muddied garden tool , or even mass can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : bump off infected leaves when the plant is wry . foliage that take in around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . fend off overhead irrigation if potential ; water supply should be direct at soil level . For fungous folio spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide mixed bag of flora - indoor and outdoor . Young scales front crawl until they get a good feeding web site . The grownup female then lose their leg and persist on a spot protected by its hard plate bed . They appear as bumps , often on the low-spirited English of leaves . They have pierce oral cavity parting that suck the sap out of works tissue . scurf can weaken a works leading to yellow leafage and leaf drop . They also acquire a sweet substance hollo honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can chair to an untempting pitch-black surface fungal growth call coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office staff in your county for a legal good word regarding their control . boost raw enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the flora . The best way of life to control coal-black mould is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can unremarkably be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end spray .
