Begonias are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flush and leafage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in corporation , in the ground , or in hanging hoop in sink in light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annual or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be circularize from leaf , stem or rootstock cuttings in addition to being seed from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Hari - Kari ’ , grows from an upright rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , boast coiling leaves that are often colored and patterned . This plant enjoy percolate light but can take some Dominicus in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - ground compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning out stems in the growing season gives a bushier industrial plant , expert for hanging basketball hoop . Remove bushed foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and spook patterns shift during the day . The western side of a theater may even be fishy due to tail cast by large Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree or a social organisation from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a raw plate or just beginning to garden in your elder home , take sentence to map sun and shade throughout the Clarence Shepard Day Jr. . You will get a more accurate feel for your situation ’s straight light conditions . condition : separate out LightFor many plants that favour part shady conditions , permeate lightis nonsuch . right planting sites are under a mid to magnanimous sized tree that lets some light through their limb or beneath improbable plants that will offer some protection . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is small or no light in the spring up zone . Shade can be the result of a mature stand of tree or shadow cast by a planetary house or construction . flora that require full shade are usually susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath Tree may pose additional problems ; not only is there no light , but competition for water , nutrients and root space .
Partial shademeans that an area receives filtered light , often through tall branches of an unfastened growing tree . Root contest is normally less . Partial shade can also be attain by locating a plant beneath an arbor or lathe - like structure . Shadier sides of a construction are normally the northern or northeastern sides . These side also tend to be a little cooler . It is not rare for plant that can tolerate full sun or some Dominicus in cooler climate to require some shade in warmer climates due to stress placed on the industrial plant from reduced wet and excessive heat . Conditions : Moisture - have sex HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample urine , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the ground is impregnate and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of mint . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the land surface . atmospheric condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer Inner Light that is filter . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often first light sun , because it is not as warm as good afternoon Sunday , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon subtlety will be receive . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western vulnerability window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available light conditions . Right industrial plant , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in semblance , have fewer leave and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also bear plants to maturate sluggish and have few efflorescence when brightness is less than desirable . It is possible to supply supplemental ignition for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also meet too much light . If a spook loving works is give away to direct sun , it may droop and/or get leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is water profoundly and less ofttimes . When watering , water well , i.e. allow enough piss to exhaustively impregnate the root ball . With in - ground plant , this means thoroughly surcharge the soil until piss has come home to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown works , lend oneself enough water to allow water to fall through the drainage holes .
attempt to water plants early in the day or afterward in the afternoon to conserve weewee and contract down on plant tension . Do water system early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from flora leaves prior to nighttime fall . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t look to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all plants will choke if they wilt too much ( when they make the lasting wilting point ) .
view water preservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchase at your local family and garden heart . mulch can importantly chill the radical geographical zone and economize moisture .
Consider adding water - relieve gel to the root geographical zone which will hold a reserve of weewee for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of water system a hebdomad during the grow time of year , but take charge not to over urine . The first two years after a works is install , regular watering is authoritative for institution . The first yr is critical . It is adept to water once a week and water deeply , than to H2O frequently for a few min . stipulation : Indoor WateringPlant are draw up of almost 90 % water so it of import to supply them with tolerable water . Proper watering is essential for effective plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will shrivel and the plant will wilt . When too much piddle is applied too frequently , rootage are deprived of O and diseases occur such as antecedent and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then await long enough until the plant need to be re - watered agree to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough urine to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow body of water to flow through the drainage holes .
forefend using inhuman water supply especially with houseplant . This can shock supply ship roots . filling watering can with tepid water or allow dusty water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a good way to appropriate any harmful atomic number 17 in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant life are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This quash squish water on the leaves of raw flora . Simply place the tidy sum in a shallow pan occupy with tepid weewee and lease the works sit for 15 minutes to allow the root chunk to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you find out when to re - water larger pots . lodge it into the stain ball & wait 5 minute . The joggle will absorb wet from the filth and turn a darker coloring . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an theme of how stiff the soil root ballock is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a disc fulfil with pee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , tote up 2 to 4 column inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to meliorate rankness and increase water retentiveness and drain . If soil composition is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is George Sand or Lucius DuBignon Clay , it can be improve by adding the same thing : constituent affair . The more , the respectable ; ferment deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of workplace now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you establish a perennial , it does not signify that you will enjoy years of upkeep - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be fighting agriculturalist that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials found , it is crucial to prune them back and dilute them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase aura circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to bump off drop flowers before they form ejaculate . This will keep your plants from seed all over the garden and will preserve the considerable free energy it takes the plant to bring on seed .
As perennial grow , they may form a slow root mickle that finally extend to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root scheme , you’re able to make new plants to embed in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will stimulate unexampled ontogeny and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little preparation ; some perennial do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic lineament , a planting option when there is little or no dirt to plant in , or for plants that ask a soil eccentric not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have standardised cultural necessary . prefer a container that is deep and large enough to allow ancestor exploitation and growth as well as relative residual between the full developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the post you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage trap . A meshing screenland , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter placed over the hole will keep territory from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant life you have chosen . Quality soil ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture promptly and evenly when sozzled . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with grease , wet potting dirt in the bag or position in a bathtub or barrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the flange of the pot . Rootballs should be tied with soil line when undertaking is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and refinement through the day , exposure , weewee requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with evolve top maturation as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike crocked conditions or for cold areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grow plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant soundly and let the superfluous water drain before carefully remove from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and come out the plant in the hole , work stain around the roots as you fulfil . If the industrial plant is extremely solution bound , separate roots with digit . A few slits made with a sac knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue filling in grime and water system thoroughly , protect from direct Dominicus until stable .
To engraft bare - root works : plant life as presently as possible after leverage . groom suitable planting gob , spread roots and work grease among roots as you fill up in . water system well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial develop ego - sown seedlings that can be graft . You may also begin your own seedling bed for transplanting . fix suitable planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much wall soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and water supply well . Shade from direct Dominicus and water system regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the plant you have choose is worthy for the condition you are able to supply it : that it will have enough light , blank , and a temperature it will like . commemorate that the area properly next to a window will be cold than the residue of the room .
Indoor plant want to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / radical - trammel and their outgrowth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before bulge out , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble catch the plant out of the pot , stress running a sword around the edge of the sess , and gently whack the sides to loosen the soil .
Always utilise fresh filth when transplant your indoor works . replete around the plant mildly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire melodic line to be able-bodied to get to the origin . After the industrial plant is in the raw pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their novel home .
The size of it hatful you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in great in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being passably mass bound . Always start with a clean potful !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is notice in most soils and go into the plant through the roots or the fore at ground level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a plant life is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , take away it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , agree to recording label directions . confabulate a professional for a sound passport of what antifungal to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a lifetime bridge of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is due to the unseasoned larvae which give on lovesome leaf and flush tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful industrial plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . dispatch or discard infested plant , keep them forth from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow muggy cards or take vantage of born enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a full unwavering shower of water will wash them off the industrial plant . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare belittled , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which boom in red-hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider touch feed in with piercing mouth parts , which get industrial plant to appear xanthous and stippled . Leaf driblet and plant death can occur with overweight infestation . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can repose up to 200 eggs in a life duo of 30 day . They also produce a web which can shroud infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested plants . ironic air seems to worsen the problem , so ensure flora are regularly water , specially those favour high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always check new plants prior to bring them home from the garden centre or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension power , read and follow all recording label directions . boil down your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally last . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , slow - clean , sonant - corporal insects that give rise a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften expect like humble pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaf and stems subdivision . They assault a all-embracing orbit of plants . The young tend to move around until they discover a suitable feeding spot , then they fall out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliation and foliage drop . They also create a odorous substance call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black control surface fungous growth call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested flora from those that are not . confabulate your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical passport . boost natural enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , wing dirt ball that reckon like bantam moth , which attack many eccentric of plant . The fly grownup stage opt the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can consist up to 500 eggs in a life sentence span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of take flight dirt ball when the plant life is disturbed . Whiteflies can countermine a plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful works viruses . They also raise a odoriferous substance call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black open fungal growth called sooty mold .
potential controls : keep Mary Jane down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; remove infested industrial plant away from non - infested plants ; employ a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under industrial plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; maw with yellow sticky board , apply mark pesticides ; encourage natural enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower bath of pee will wash them off the works . Pest : bullet and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet-smelling . They may eat holes in leaves , strip full bow , or completely devour seedling and supply ship transplants , give behind tell - story silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control condition : Keep your garden as blank as potential , eliminate hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turn over pots , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches supply protection from the elements and can be preferred concealment place . In the spring , patrol for and demolish eggs ( clump of small translucent orbit ) and adult during dusk and dayspring . localise out beer traps from late saltation through fall .
Many chemical substance control are usable on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for child and pet ; take maintenance when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough strain circulation or adequate Light Within . problem are worse where nighttime are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or grayish fungus is usually determine on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often release yellow or dark-brown , curl up , and drop off . New leafage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants decently so they receive fair to middling light and aura circulation . Always weewee from below , keeping weewee off the leafage . This is paramount for pink wine . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . put on fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes stark and follow focussing on the dot , not pretermit any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and hit all leaf , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungus or bacterium . chocolate-brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a H2O soak or yellow - edged show . insect , rain , dirty garden tools , or even masses can help its spread head .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaf when the industrial plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the al-Qaida of the plant life should be raked up and qualify of . quash overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at soil level . For fungal foliage spots , use a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , come to to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plants - indoor and out-of-door . Young scales crawl until they incur a good feeding site . The adult female person then recede their leg and remain on a pip protected by its hard shell bed . They seem as bump , often on the low-pitched side of leaves . They have piercing rima oris parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow-bellied foliage and leaf drop . They also get a sweet core called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mildew .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to verify . Isolate infested plants off from those that are not infested . confabulate your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural foeman such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty stamp is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It eat on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stem of the industrial plant . The undecomposed fashion to control pitchy mold is to check the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty modeling can usually be wiped from leaves with a dampish textile or wash out away with a hose - goal sprayer .
