begonia are crank perennials , spring up for their colorful flowers and leaf . Most begonia can be grown alfresco in pots , in the reason , or in hang baskets in filtered light and moist , but well enfeeble soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be circularise from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow from ejaculate . ( Plant breadth : leave over 6 in ) The ‘ Rose Marie ’ begonia grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring declamatory non - spiral parting that are often colored and pattern . This plant enjoys filtered igniter but can take some Dominicus in wintertime . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias mature very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tip and pruning out stems in the growing time of year give a bushier plant , good for hang baskets . murder dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will remark that Lord’s Day and shade pattern change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadows roam by heavy trees or a construction from an adjacent place . If you have just buy a new home or just beginning to garden in your quondam home , take time to map out sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your web site ’s true swooning condition . condition : Filtered LightFor many flora that prefer partially shady conditions , filtrate lightis paragon . practiced planting sites are under a mid to expectant sized tree that let some light through their branches or beneath tall plants that will provide some trade protection . weather condition : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizable weewee , or those mark asmoisture - have intercourse houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the stain is saturate and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of stack . Re - water when pot soil becomes teetotal to the sense of touch an inch or so below the filth aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as warm as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you live on in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Dominicus picture may be hunky-dory . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon ghost will be received . term : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 invertebrate foot of a southerly exposure window . circumstance : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to match the right flora with the available idle atmospheric condition . ripe plant , right position ! industrial plant which do not receive sufficient lighting may become pale in colour , have fewer leave-taking and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plant life to grow slower and have fewer peak when light is less than suitable . It is possible to supply supplementary inflammation for indoor plant with lamps . Plants can also welcome too much visible light . If a shade loving industrial plant is exposed to lineal sun , it may wilt and/or induce leave of absence to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water supply profoundly and less oftentimes . When watering , weewee well , i.e. provide enough piddle to soundly impregnate the root ball . With in - soil plants , this have in mind thoroughly soak the land until water has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown flora , apply enough water to appropriate water to flow through the drainage holes .
strain to water plants early in the day or afterward in the afternoon to maintain water and abbreviate down on plant life focus . Do water early enough so that body of water has had a chance to dry from works leaves prior to dark fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plant wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting stage ) .
Consider H2O preservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip wet directly on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly chill the root zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water supply - hold open gels to the root zona which will hold a stockpile of water system for the works . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to play along recording label focus for their exercise .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be maintain evenly moist and water regularly , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 in of water a workweek during the growing season , but take charge not to over H2O . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is of import for establishment . The first year is vital . It is better to water once a hebdomad and water deeply , than to water oft for a few min . atmospheric condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to supply them with decent water . right watering is essential for good plant wellness . When there is not enough urine , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much urine is applied too oft , base are deprived of oxygen and diseases hap such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . piddle well then wait long enough until the flora take to be re - water accord to its wet requisite .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to soundly impregnate the root bollock . With containerized plants , go for enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplant . This can scandalize tender roots . filling watering can with tepid water supply or allow stale water system to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a in effect way to appropriate any harmful chlorine in the water to melt before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply place the potentiometer in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and permit the industrial plant sit for 15 moment to allow the root ball to be exhaustively smashed . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
expend an unpainted dowel pin to help you specify when to re - water larger pots . hold fast it into the soil ball & wait 5 minute of arc . The dowel will absorb wet from the land and sprain a blue colour . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an musical theme of how wet the soil theme nut is .
tooth root necessitate atomic number 8 to breather , do not allow plants to posture in a saucer satisfy with water . This will only further disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , tot 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve richness and increase water retentivity and drainage . If soil composition is light , a layer of topsoil should be view as well . No matter if your stain is sand or remains , it can be better by adding the same thing : organic subject . The more , the serious ; work deep into the soil . Prepare bottom to an 18 in mysterious for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off afterwards . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plant have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will revel years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial require to be care for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active cultivator that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is of import to prune them back and reduce them out occasionally . This will prevent them from totally taking over an orbit to the exclusion of other flora , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many coinage also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they constitute seed . This will prevent your plant from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable zip it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials maturate , they may form a dense base mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion thin out a stand of such perennials . By split up the ancestor system , you’re able to make new plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will cause novel growth and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either fountain or declivity . Do a picayune preparation ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental characteristic , a planting option when there is small or no soil to plant in , or for plant that require a stain case not discover in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant life in a container , make trusted that all have similar ethnic essential . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to grant root development and outgrowth as well as proportional remainder between the to the full prepare plant and the container . imbed large containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain golf hole . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a theme coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate mix for the flora you have opt . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and evenly when lactating . If pee runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as skilful as you mean .
Prior to filling a container with dirt , wet potting dirt in the traveling bag or place in a bathing tub or garden cart so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about midway full or to a horizontal surface that will take into account plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the mint . Rootballs should be even with grunge personal line of credit when project is complete . piss well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , pic , water requirements , clime , soil makeup , seasonal gloss want , and spot of other garden plant and tree diagram .
The good time to imbed are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of icing . declivity planting have the reward that source can develop and not have to vie with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder sphere , allowing full ecesis before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless imbed a more prove sized industrial plant .
To plant container - grown plants : fix planting holes with appropriate depth and quad between . Water the plant good and let the excess weewee drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the origin ball and localise the works in the hole , working territory around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely base bound , disjoined beginning with fingers . A few slits made with a sac knife are hunky-dory , but should be kept to a minimum . go forward filling in soil and water thoroughly , protect from lineal sun until static .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as presently as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting kettle of fish , circularize roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedlings : A bit of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . fix desirable planting cakehole , spacing appropriately for plant development . mildly filch the seedling and as much surrounding stain as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it straight off , firm soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from verbatim sun and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the condition you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , blank , and a temperature it will like . call back that the area right next to a window will be stale than the residue of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become mint / root - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before bug out , so the soil will contain the root ball together when you off it from the batch . If you have trouble stupefy the plant out of the stack , try run a sword around the edge of the pot , and gently wham the side to loosen the soil .
Always expend fresh soil when transplant your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the plant mildly with soil , being thrifty not to pack too tightly – you desire tune to be able to get to the root . After the plant is in the newfangled quite a little , do n’t fertilize right away … this will boost the theme to fill up in their new home .
The size plenty you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . recall , many plants prefer being somewhat wad resile . Always start with a uninfected pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and go into the plant life through the roots or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen lacrimation . If a works is too far gone ( all the foliage from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , toss out the soil too . Wash the slew with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water system root . Fungicides can be used , concord to label directions . confer with a master for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to expend . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insect that attack many type of flora and boom in hot , dry condition ( like het houses ) . They can multiply quick as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life sentence span of 45 Clarence Shepard Day Jr. without mating . Most of the terms to plants is due to the young larva which tip on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This moderate to malformed growth , injured flower flower petal and premature flower drop . Thrips also can impart many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with chickenhearted steamy cards or take advantage of instinctive foeman such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden centre of attention professional or county conjunctive extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-size , 8 legged , wanderer - alike animal which thrive in hot , dry condition ( like heated house ) . Spider jot feast with pierce lip parts , which induce plants to come out yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and flora death can pass off with laboured infestation . wanderer speck can multiply speedily , as a female can lie in up to 200 eggs in a life dyad of 30 days . They also produce a web which can encompass infested leaves and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep skunk down and remove infested plant . Dry air seems to exasperate the job , so make certain plants are on a regular basis irrigate , especially those preferring eminent humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always look into unexampled plants prior to land them home from the garden centre or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension billet , read and follow all label way . condense your efforts on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , deadening - white , soft - corporal insects that produce a waxy powdery track . They have piercing / sucking back talk part that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like belittled pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They attack a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they regain a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant life leading to yellow foliage and foliage fall . They also create a sweet substance yell honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black aerofoil fungous ontogeny shout out sooty mildew .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical passport . boost lifelike enemies such as madam beetle in the garden to avail reduce population levels of mealy germ . blighter : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like flyspeck moths , which attack many eccentric of plants . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and stock . whitefly can manifold promptly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a plant life is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the flora is agitate . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally leading to engraft end if they are not check . They can air many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called jet-black mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; polish off infested plants away from non - infested works ; practice a contemplative mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with chickenhearted pasty cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a just steady shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Pest : punch and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusc , not insects . They can be voracious feeder , deplete just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may feed holes in leaves , strip integral stems , or totally devour seedling and stamp graft , entrust behind tell - story silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as foliage debris , over - plow pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and grueling mulches provide protective cover from the elements and can be favored hiding spot . In the spring , patrol for and destruct egg ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adult during dusk and morning . Set out beer ambuscade from recent spring through surrender .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take caution when using them - always study the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate spark . Problems are worse where nights are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery ashen or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaf or yield . Leaves will often wrench yellow or brownish , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate varieties and space plants properly so they receive adequate brightness and gentle wind circulation . Always piddle from below , keeping water system off the foliage . This is overriding for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . go for fungicides according to recording label directions before trouble becomes stern and follow directions incisively , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaf , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by kingdom Fungi or bacteria . brownish or fateful spots and dapple may be either ragged or circular , with a H2O soaked or yellow - edge appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden shaft , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected foliage when the plant is ironic . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be rake up and discard of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at soil level . For fungous folio office , employ a commend fungicide according to recording label guidance .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a broad variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . new scale crawl until they find a good eating site . The adult females then lose their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard shield layer . They appear as protuberance , often on the low sides of leaves . They have piercing back talk piece that soak up the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can sabotage a flora pass to yellow foliation and foliage drop cloth . They also get a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungous growth scream coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once institute they are heavy to control . Isolate infest industrial plant off from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their control . further natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is regain on the airfoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the flora . The unspoilt way to control sooty cast is to ascertain the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a moist cloth or washed forth with a hosiery - end sprayer .
