begonia are warm perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in tidy sum , in the flat coat , or in hang baskets in sink in light and moist , but well debilitate soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be circularise from leaf , stem or rhizome clipping in addition to being sown from come . ( Plant breadth : leaves more than 3 inches wide ) The cultivar , ‘ Waltanna , ’ has attractive leaf with hairy , all-inclusive leaves . The bloom are white with red hairs , blooming September through March . Stemming is good and zig - zag between the nodes . This industrial plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not wish inhuman atmospheric condition . filch tips and pruning forbidden stem in the growing season gives a bushier plant , good for hanging . Sudden temperature alteration cause leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and tone figure change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to darkness cat by turgid tree diagram or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new menage or just start to garden in your older home , take metre to map sun and spectre throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more accurate tone for your site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : trickle LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady conditions , filtered lightis nonesuch . dear planting sites are under a mid to prominent sized tree that lets some light source through their offset or beneath taller plants that will render some security . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that need ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the grunge is saturated and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - urine when pot soil becomes ironical to the touch modality an inch or so below the ground aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is crucial to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be considered part Lord’s Day or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun picture may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . atmospheric condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 substructure of an eastern or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern vulnerability window . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor well plant performance , it is desirable to pair the correct plant with the available short weather . proper industrial plant , right place ! plant life which do not receive sufficient light may become pallid in color , have few leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out coming into court . Also ask works to grow dim and have fewer blooms when light is less than desirable . It is possible to cater auxiliary inflammation for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leave of absence to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is water deeply and less frequently . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. provide enough weewee to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - earth plants , this mean soundly pluck the soil until water has penetrated to a profoundness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown works , apply enough water to allow urine to run through the drainage holes .
attempt to water works too soon in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve urine and cut down on plant tension . Do water too soon enough so that water has had a chance to dry from flora leaves prior to dark downfall . This is predominate if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to piss until plant wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they accomplish the lasting wilting point ) .
deliberate water preservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble system which slowly dribble moisture directly on the theme system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool off the rootage zona and conserve wet .
Consider adding water - saving gelatin to the root zone which will have a reserve of water for the industrial plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow label counselling for their purpose .
shape : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be restrain evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the growing time of year , but take upkeep not to over water . The first two years after a plant is instal , regular watering is important for establishment . The first twelvemonth is vital . It is better to water once a week and piddle deep , than to water frequently for a few arcminute . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to issue them with adequate water . Proper watering is essential for respectable flora health . When there is not enough water system , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is hold too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then await long enough until the plant life needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , pee well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plant life , give enough water to allow pee to flow through the drain hole .
Avoid using moth-eaten water specially with houseplants . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid piddle or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good style to provide any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This head off splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plant . Simply come out the pot in a shallow pan sate with tepid water and let the industrial plant sit for 15 minute to earmark the root orchis to be thoroughly squiffy . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to help you determine when to re - water larger heap . Stick it into the soil globe & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will take in wet from the land and turn a grim color . draw it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how pissed the soil etymon ball is .
Roots involve O to breather , do not allow plant to sit down in a dish aerial take with water supply . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add together 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retentivity and drain . If soil piece of music is frail , a stratum of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your territory is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same affair : constitutive matter . The more , the good ; work out deep into the land . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a marvellous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you engraft a perennial , it does not imply that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . perennial require to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they lean to be active growers that have to be slenderize out from time to time or they will relax vim .
As perennials establish , it is important to trim them back and slim down them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the expulsion of other plants , and also will increase zephyr circulation thereby shorten the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce ample seed . As bloom of youth disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to absent spent flowers before they work seminal fluid . This will prevent your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigour it take the plant life to give rise seed .
As perennial suppurate , they may form a dense root mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a standstill of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you could make new plants to plant in another sphere of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will stimulate young growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully separate in either spring or fall . Do a piddling homework ; some perennials do have a druthers . How - to : train ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is footling or no soil to set in , or for plant life that require a grease case not institute in the garden or when ground drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have similar ethnic requirements . take a container that is deep and large enough to allow for beginning growing and maturation as well as proportional rest between the amply germinate plant and the container . Plant large container in the place you intend them to appease . All containers should have drainage muddle . A meshing screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter set over the trap will keep dirt from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate admixture for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or dirt - less medias ) engulf moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off ground upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your filth may not be as just as you remember .
Prior to filling a container with grease , wet pot soil in the udder or place in a bathtub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . satiate container about midway full or to a level that will permit industrial plant , when planted , to be just below the brim of the potbelly . Rootballs should be level with dirt line when undertaking is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and specter through the day , exposure , water demand , clime , grunge make-up , seasonal color desire , and place of other garden plant and tree .
The best times to plant are leap and drop , when soil is workable and out of risk of frost . declination plantings have the advantage that root can develop and not have to compete with developing top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike lactating status or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more demonstrate sized plant .
To implant container - grown plants : Prepare planting golf hole with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the industrial plant thoroughly and let the superfluous water drain before carefully removing from the container . cautiously tease the root ball and place the plant in the maw , influence grease around the roots as you fill . If the plant is highly origin bound , separate roots with fingers . A few prick made with a sack knife are okay , but should be maintain to a lower limit . Continue fill in grunge and water thoroughly , protecting from direct Sunday until static .
To plant bare - root plants : industrial plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare worthy planting holes , spread ascendent and work soil among roots as you sate in . weewee well and protect from unmediated Sunday until stable .
To implant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sow in seedling that can be transfer . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . organize suited planting gob , spacing appropriately for works evolution . softly raise the seedling and as much wall dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it straightaway , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from lineal sun and H2O on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to bring home the bacon it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . commend that the country right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / ascendent - bound and their ontogenesis is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the land will hold the root formal together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble get down the plant out of the pot , try operate a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to relax the soil .
Always practice fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant life gently with grime , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want line to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the Modern mass , do n’t fertilize the right way away … this will encourage the roots to replete in their Modern home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch keen in diam . recall , many plants prefer being middling hatful bound . Always pop out with a uncontaminating pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grease and enters the works through the root or the theme at soil spirit level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen tearing . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your flora is in a container , discard the dirt too . lave the pot with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts pee answer . Fungicides can be used , concord to label counsel . confab a pro for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to utilise . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plant and flourish in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated sign of the zodiac ) . They can multiply chop-chop as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without conjugation . Most of the equipment casualty to plants is cause by the new larva which feed on crank leaf and flower tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature bloom driblet . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plants , keep them by from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow sticky bill of fare or take vantage of natural enemies such as predatory hint . Sometimes a good firm shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Consult your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - alike creatures which fly high in hot , ironic conditions ( like het household ) . Spider mites fertilise with piercing back talk parts , which cause plants to appear yellow and speckled . Leaf drop and plant destruction can occur with sullen infestations . wanderer mites can multiply speedily , as a female can rest up to 200 testis in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a WWW which can spread over infested leaves and efflorescence .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to exasperate the problem , so ensure plant are on a regular basis watered , especially those choose high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or Lycopersicon esculentum . Always crack new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of instinctive foe such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is advocate by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension bureau , read and take after all label directions . pore your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - snowy , diffused - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have pierce / sucking mouth constituent that breastfeed the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leave-taking and staunch branch . They assault a spacious compass of plant life . The young tend to move around until they find a desirable feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . mealybug can weaken a plant leading to yellow leafage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal outgrowth called sooty moulding .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . confab your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical passport . Encourage raw foe such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that face like tiny moths , which lash out many types of flora . The flying grownup microscope stage prefers the underside of leaf to feed and strain . Whiteflies can multiply chop-chop as a female person can dwell up to 500 eggs in a life story span of 2 month . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of take flight insect when the plant life is disturb . whitefly can de-escalate a industrial plant , eventually contribute to plant expiry if they are not arrest . They can channel many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a seraphic substance call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can run to an unattractive bleak surface fungous increment called sooty mold .
potential restraint : keep weeds down ; use screening in window to keep them out ; absent infested plants away from non - infested flora ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; cakehole with chicken steamy cards , apply labeled pesticides ; boost innate enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitioner of body of water will rinse them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be wolfish feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat hole in farewell , strip full stems , or altogether devour seedlings and tender organ transplant , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , wretched trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as fresh as potential , eliminate hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarp . Groundcover in funny places and hard mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favourite concealing places . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( cluster of pocket-sized semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . gear up out beer traps from late springtime through surrender .
Many chemical ascendence are available on the market , but can be venomous and deadly for children and darling ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis commonly found on plant life that do not have enough air circulation or adequate Christ Within . Problems are worse where nights are cool and 24-hour interval are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey-haired fungus is normally find on the upper airfoil of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn over xanthous or brown , curl up , and drop off . New leafage emerges wrinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant immune varieties and space plants in good order so they receive adequate light and zephyr circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go slowly on the nitrogen fertiliser . utilize fungicides according to recording label guidance before problem becomes severe and follow directions on the nose , not pretermit any command treatment . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destruct . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf place are triggered by fungus kingdom or bacterium . brownish or contraband spots and plot of ground may be either ragged or circular , with a water soak or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rainwater , dirty garden prick , or even hoi polloi can aid its cattle ranch .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect parting when the plant is dry . folio that collect around the base of the plant life should be raked up and dispose of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water system should be directed at filth level . For fungous leaf musca volitans , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide form of plants - indoor and outside . Young scale creeping until they ascertain a safe feeding situation . The adult female person then miss their leg and stay on on a spotlight protected by its grueling case layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lowly side of foliage . They have thrust mouth parts that suck up the sap out of plant life tissue . scale can counteract a plant leading to icteric foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting grim surface fungal growth called jet mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants off from those that are not infested . confer with your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendancy . advance raw enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is constitute on the surface of leave . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best agency to control sooty mold is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty molding can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hosiery - final stage spray .
